Chapter 15 : Familarize with IC

 

 

 

integrated circuit (IC), also called microelectronic circuit, microchip, or chip, an assembly

of electronic components, fabricated as a single unit, in which active devices (e.g., transistors and diodes) and passive devices (e.g., capacitors and resistors) and their interconnections are built up.

An IC can function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer, counter, logic gate, computer memory, microcontroller or microprocessor. An IC is the fundamental building block of all modern electronic devices

 

 

 

There are two main types of integrated circuits: Digital ICs or

Analog ICs.

1)  Analog IC

In this type of ICs, the input and output both signals are continuous. The output signal level depends upon the input signal level and the output signal level is a linear function of input signal level. Linear ICs or analog ICs are most commonly used as audio frequency amplifier and radio frequency amplifier. Op amps, voltage regulators, comparators and timers are also well-known examples of linear ICs or analog ICs.

 

 

2)    Digital IC

 

The logic Gates, such as AND gate, OR gate, NAND gate, XOR gate, flip flops, counters; microprocessors are some well-known examples of digital ICs.

These ICs operate with binary data such as either 0 or 1. Normally in digital circuit, 0 indicates 0 V and one indicate +5 V. Digital ICs are commonly used in many electronics projects, and are often used in Ardino .